수평선이나 지평선에 대하여 직각을 이루는 방향으로.
In a direction that is at right angles to the horizon or a horizontal plane.
예문:
"The rocket ascended vertically into the clear blue sky."
"The stripes on the wallpaper run vertically, making the room look taller."
조직의 계층이나 생산 공정의 여러 단계를 포함하는 방식으로.
In a manner involving different levels of a hierarchy or the various stages of a production process.
예문:
"The tech giant is vertically integrated, manufacturing its own chips and software."
"Decisions are made vertically, starting from the board of directors down to the staff."
부모 세대에서 자식 세대로 질병이나 유전 형질이 전해지는 방식으로.
From parent to offspring, particularly concerning the transmission of pathogens or genetic traits.
예문:
"The pathogen is transmitted vertically from the queen to the larvae."
"Certain hereditary conditions are passed vertically through generations."