토양 생성 작용이 활발하게 일어나는 토양의 상부 층으로, 보통 유기물이 풍부한 A층과 집적층인 B층을 포함한다.
The upper part of a soil profile, including the A and B horizons, where soil-forming processes are active and roots are typically found.
예문:
"The depth of the solum can vary significantly depending on the local climate and vegetation."
"Agricultural productivity often depends on the nutrient content within the solum."
"Erosion can strip away the solum, leaving only the parent material underneath."