사물의 어두운 면만을 보거나 일이 잘 안될 것이라고 믿는 경향 또는 미래에 대한 희망이나 확신의 부족.
A tendency to see the worst aspect of things or believe that the worst will happen; a lack of hope or confidence in the future.
예문:
"The economic forecast was met with widespread pessimism among small business owners."
"Her natural pessimism made her prepare for the worst-case scenario in every situation."
"Despite the team's recent losses, the coach refused to give in to pessimism."
이 세상이 가능한 한 가장 나쁘다고 보거나 궁극적으로 악이 선을 이길 것이라고 믿는 철학적 신념.
The philosophical belief that this world is as bad as it could be or that evil will ultimately prevail over good.
예문:
"Schopenhauer is often cited as a key figure in the history of philosophical pessimism."
"The novel explores a deep sense of pessimism regarding the ultimate triumph of human morality."