예술가나 단체 등에 대한 후원, 찬조 또는 장려.
The financial support or encouragement given by a patron to an artist, organization, or cause.
예문:
"The orchestra's international tour was funded entirely through private patronage."
"Renaissance art flourished under the patronage of the Medici family."
상점이나 식당 등에 대한 고객의 단골 거래나 애용.
The regular business or custom provided to a store, restaurant, or hotel by its customers.
예문:
"The cafe owners expressed their gratitude for the loyal patronage of the local community."
"The new shopping mall has seen a significant drop in patronage since the economic downturn."
관직 임명권이나 각종 이권 및 특혜를 부여할 수 있는 권한.
The power to control appointments to office or the distribution of privileges and favors.
예문:
"The mayor was criticized for using political patronage to fill administrative roles with his supporters."
"Reformers sought to end the system of patronage and replace it with merit-based hiring."
타인에 대해 생색을 내거나 잘난 체하며 깔보는 듯한 태도.
A condescending or superior manner adopted toward others.
예문:
"I couldn't stand the tone of patronage in his voice as he explained the simple task."
"There was an air of patronage in the way she treated her junior colleagues."